Seed treatment is a low-cost and efficacious method to deliver a diversity of compounds to field crops. This study evaluated the uptake of seed-applied Cu by maize and the effect on seed vigor. The treatments were composed of a control (untreated seeds) and five dosages of Cu: 0.11, 0.22, 0.44, 0.88 and 1.76 mg Cu seed–1, applied as cuprous oxide and copper oxychloride formulations. Seedling emergence and the speed of seedling emergence were determined in three periods: 1, 60 and 120 days after Cu application. Evaluations of root and shoot dry mass, Cu tissue concentration and efficiencies of Cu uptake and incorporation were conducted with two-leaf stage maize plants. Seed-applied Cu reduces the speed of maize seedling emergence, while the final emergence percentage is not affected. Shoot dry mass tends to increase with the application of Cu, while there is no interference on root dry mass within the dosages tested. Cu tissue concentration of both roots and shoots increases as higher dosages of Cu are applied to seeds, with higher accumulation in roots. Cuprous oxide promotes higher uptake of Cu by maize roots compared to copper oxychloride.

A distribuição de sementes para a instalação de uma cultura é efetuada com base nos resultados do teste de germinação e para complementar as informações sobre a qualidade das sementes são utilizados testes de vigor. Porém, como não há pesquisas relacionadas à avaliação do vigor das sementes de fumo (Nicotiana tabacum L.), essa pesquisa foi realizada como objetivo de estudar o teste de condutividade elétrica para essas sementes. Para isso, foram avaliadas sementes do grupo varietal 'Virgínia', cultivar 'CSC 439', representadas por cinco lotes de sementes nuas e revestidas, hidratadas em 25 mL de água destilada por 2, 4, 6, 8 e 24 h a 25 °C. Foram utilizadas 0,5; 0,8 e 1,0 g de sementes nuas e 2,5; 4,0 e 5,0 g de revesidas. Para complementar as análises as sementes foram avaliadas quanto à germinação (total e primeira contagem) e a emergência da plântula (total e velocidade). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro repetições; os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e à comparação das médias pelo teste de Tukey (5%). É possível concluir que o teste de condutividade elétrica não é eficiente para classificar os lotes de sementes de fumo, nuas e revestidas, do cultivar 'CSC 439', considerando as quantidades de sementes e os tempos de hidratação estudados.

the distribution of seeds sowed for crop establishment are made according to the results of germination tests, and vigor tests are used to complement the information on seed quality. However, there are no methods to estimate the vigor of tobacco seeds and the objective of this research was to evaluate the electrical conductivity test to estimate the vigor of tobacco seeds (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Five lots of raw and coated seeds, 'Virginia' variety, 'CSC 439' cultivar, were hydrated in 25 mL of distilled water for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hours at 25 °C with 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 g of original seeds and 2.5, 4.0 and 5.0 g of coated seeds being used. Germination, first count, seedling emergence and speed of seedling emergence were evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized and the means compared by the Tukey test (5%). It is concluded that the conductivity test does not classify the lots of raw and coated tobacco seeds according to the seedling emergence and speed of seedling emergence.